Henry durant ciieever



(No Model.)

H. D. OHEEVER.

110s OR TUBING.

No. 420,863. Patented Feb. 4, 1890.

' UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY DURANT CHEEVER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HOSE OR TUBING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 420,863, dated February4, 1890.

Application filed November 27,1889. Serial No. 331,806. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY DURANT CHEE- VER, of New York city, in thecounty and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin India-Rubber I-Iose .or Tubing, which improvement is fully set forthin the following specification.

This invention relates more particularly to the construction of hose ortubing designed to be used for conveying steam, or for acids, causticalkalies, and other fluids that corrode or otherwise act detrimentallyupon most substances employed in the manufacture of hose and tubing asat present conducted; and the object of my invention is to improve theindia-rubber hose or tubing both in point of durability and inheat-non-conducting properties.

Tubes or hose for conducting steam are mostly made by forming a tube ofvulcanizable compound of india-rubber over a mandrel, tightly or closelywinding, so as to exclude all air, a covering of linen or cotton duckhaving facings or coatings of indiarubber spread over its surface(technically known as frictionrolled) a number of times corresponding tothe desired strength of the tube, covering these windings or plies withindia-rubber, binding the whole with cloth, submitting the whole to avulcanizable temperature during a time, according to the composition ofthe rubber,in properlyconstructed chambers, and finally removing theouter binding or cloth and the vulcanized tube or hose from the mandrel.

The details of manipulation during the successive steps are so commonlyknown by manufacturers that it is not deemed necessary to specify themfurther here.

In carrying out my improvement I first coat a sheet of asbestus cloth onone side with a vulcanizable compound of india-rubber, and form a tubeof this over a mandrel, with the asbestus side next to the mandrel. Inext form atube of Vulcanizable compound of india-rubber over theasbestus, then add the windings orplies of linen or cotton duck whichhave been coated with rubber compound, and inclose the whole withrubber, and proceed precisely as is practiced in the construction ofordinary hose, as has above been described. For some purposes, however,the linen or duck may be omitted.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Ihave illustrated the manner in which the invention is or may be carriedinto effect, Figure I being a view in perspective and cross-section of apiece of hose having the asbestos lining, and Fig. II a similar view ofa piece of hose having an additional layer of asbestus justbeneath thecover.

A represents a web or strip of asbestus cloth, over which is laid a thincoating B of unvuleanized india-rubber compound. The strip thus preparedis wound, with the asbestus side inward, on a mandrel, the strip beingpreferably of such Width that it may form two or more plies, as shown inFig. I. Around this is then applied a tube 0 of vulcanized india-rubbercompound. Ithen preferably add the windings or plies D of duck or linencoated with rubber, as usual in-the construction of similar hose ortubing, and apply to the whole a cover or external sheathing E ofrubber. The tube thus built up is then vulcanized in the usual way.

For some purposes it may be desirable to interpose another layer ofasbestus cloth F, Fig. II, just underneath the rubber covering E, whichwill serve to protect the body of the hose from external changes oftemperature, as Well as to assist in preventing condensation of thesteam when the hose is exposed in a cold atmosphere. WVhen thisexternallayer of asbestus is employed, the lining A may be of onethickness only, as shown in Fig. II.

By my improvement I obtain hose or tubes having a substantial lining ofasbestus throughout their whole length. Comparative trials of this hoseto ordinary hose of like capacity prove them to be greatlysuperior inendurance or lasting qualities, evidently from the protection given bythe shield of asbestus against the prolonged action of the heat ofhigl1-pressure steam on rubber. The hose or tubes thus formed may besuccessfully used for conveying acids and alkaline solutions which wouldsoon destroy ordinary hose and tubes.

It is obvious that for some purposes the plies of linen or cotton duckmay be omitted in the construction 01": the tubes, and that the wholestructure may consist of vulcanized rubber having a lining of asbestusmade as described.

I am aware that it has been proposed heretofore to protect arubbertubing by braiding or wrapping around it filaments of asbestus;but such wrapping does not answer the purposes of my invention, and itforms no integral part of the tubing itself. It has also been proposedto apply a layer of asbestus in the form of powder or loose fiber over alining of metal, covering the whole with a coating of rubber; and it hasfurther been proposed to incase a rubber tube or hose in an outer ply ofwire mesh to which a layer of asbestus in the form of a pulp has beenapplied. In none of these cases, however, does the presence of theasbestus contribute to the lasting qualities of the tube or render itany better adapted to withstand the direct action of steam or ofchemical agents; and, so far as I am aware,it has never been proposedheretofore to provide hose or tubing with a lining of asbestus.Moreover, the employment of asbestus cloth according to my invention, asdistinguished from loose fiber, with a coating of rubber compoundvulcanized thereon, produces a web or ply of great strength andendurance.

Having now described my said invention, what I claim isl. A hose or tubehaving alining composed of. asbestus cloth helically wound with abacking of rubber vulcanized thereon, substantially as described.

